Size off-grid solar arrays and battery banks, calculate AC room BTU cooling requirements, airflow CFM, and pneumatic forces.
Calculate required cooling capacity in BTUs and tons based on room dimensions, sunlight, and occupants.
Calculate solar panels needed, system kW capacity, roof area, and 25-year electric bill savings.
Calculate battery bank capacity in Ah and kWh for off-grid solar, RVs, and backup power.
Calculate continuous and surge inverter wattage for household appliances and off-grid power.
Calculate CFM airflow, round and rectangular duct air velocity (FPM), and room Air Changes per Hour (ACH).
Calculate true air density (kg/m³), density altitude, and pressure altitude from elevation, temperature, and barometric pressure.
Calculate extension (push) and retraction (pull) force for pneumatic cylinders in pounds force (lbf) and Newtons (N).
Size solar panel arrays, lithium LiFePO4 battery banks (Ah/kWh), and pure sine wave inverters for off-grid cabins and RVs.
Standard sizing requires roughly 20 BTU per square foot of living space. Adjustments must be made for ceiling heights over 8 feet, sun exposure, kitchen heat, and climate zone.
Calculate daily watt-hour energy consumption, divide by average peak sun hours to get solar wattage, and multiply daily consumption by desired days of autonomy (typically 2-3) to size the battery bank.
Cylinder force = Air Pressure (PSI) × Piston Surface Area (sq in). On retraction, subtract the cylinder rod area from the piston surface.
Density altitude is pressure altitude corrected for non-standard temperature. Higher density altitude thins air, reducing engine horsepower, aerodynamic lift, and propeller efficiency.